Train lighting and power system



p 20, 1932- J. L. WOOIIDBRIDGE 1,878,563

TRAIN LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEM Filed (Sci. 6, .1931

. v //VVf/VTO/P (755.70; Zea/er fioa im'og o ais W I {fro/MEX i u the speed of the train reaches a point where was... 20,193: 1,878,563

UNITED STA ES PATENT OFFICE J m w, or Pmmvm Application "n e mm a 1001. Serial Io. 501,101.

This system is especially adapted for use if there were any way in which such output 1n connection with the development of eleccould be utilized. I tric current for supplyin lights and motors My invention is designed to overcome the for railway cars eqfilip with air conditiondlfliculties' cited above by providing two axle 5 ing apparatusinw 'ch the demand for power driven generators of w ich one is designed '55 for operating motors for driving compressors In accordance with the present standard pracand ans or similar devices constitutes a ve tics for nominal 32 volt operation in connecconsiderable proportion of the total loa tlon with a cell or a 16 cell storage battery The invention applies particularly to equip-- and 32 volt lamps. The second axle driven ment in which th l tri u e t i d riv d generator is designed to o crate at a con- 00 from axl driv n generators nd i hi h a siderably higher voltage, or example 110 storage battery i l d t furni h the volts, but the arrangement is such that a connecessary curre t whe the i ta di or slderable out ut may be obtained from this running at low speed. generator at ow speeds and voltages consid- In the ordinary ax leili hting system i erably below the normal voltage. In fact which the lighting-load is the principal load, this machine may begin to deliver output as 32 volt lamp are gen ll u d ith a 15 soon as its voltage rises to a point where it cell or a. 16 cell lead t e t g b tt y, will overcome the voltage drop in the circuit- In the case of air conditioning apparatus to which it is connected as will be explained so however, it is of considerable advantage to hereafteruse a higher voltage such as 110 volts for the In y n u thls lllventlon I Provide motors in order t red th t f t two motors mechanically connected to each and wiring. .It i however i t t t i other and to the compressor or the fan or cirtain the 32 .volt lighting stem, as this is. a g P P as the cas ay Th new standard on all railroaa and itwould be two motors are connected inseries acm the 76 very burdensome to attempt'to increase the batter! a the Second g t geg voltage of the lamps for a comparatively l lP1l1t1I1th6clrcu1tbe-. few cars on the system in addition to the tween the t5W0 q m added cost and space required for the greater T c p ymg drawm shows mnumber f ll m th b tt grammatically a system em ymg features so In the standard 32 volt axle lighting sysof h lhventlohl -t as new ll d t d, th genemtor In th1sdraw1ng G is the standard 32 volt .'is' available or delivering current only after hghhng h Whlch y be dllveh y any suita 1e means from one of the car axles.- the generator voltage exceeds that of the field of this generator 43 be 2 as b tt U til hi l g f th generator trolled by any suitable controll ng device isreached, the generatoris disconnected from here shown as regulatfu cn1stmg 9 h battery mdlighting circuit by mom of carbonpile 6 connected 1n series with the held an automatic switch which is designed to wmdmg the assure on carbon p116 bein controlle b a lever 8 ivoted at 9 9o close when the generator voltage is slightly and fictuated by mi core 11 of e solenoid 7 mterithm that of the battery and openconnected across the nerator'terminals the g fi g z a fz m g :1 pull of the core 11 bei n g' opposed by a spi'ing 10. This field regulator is no part of the to the 'y- A3 1 res-Rid this g present invention and anmf the well known mm, the"! f @h 'fih p o 111119 orms of regulator may employed.

whenfih tr m l8 but f l This generator G; is connected to the cir- M; w i h g n l e orlsnot "cuit 1, 2 through the automatic switch S outputalthoughflt could furnish a certain which may be of any well. known design.

"' amount of current at a voltage below normal Acres the circuit 1, 2 is connected loo speed, thus reducing the battery B and the lighting circuit 3, 4 supplying the lamps L. In series with the conductor 3 of the lighting circuit is shown a lamp regulator R, which may be of any well 5 known design, here shown as consisting of the carbon pile 14 connected in series with the load, the pressure on which pile is controlled by a lever 15 pivoted at 16, whose action is produced by the effect of the solenoid 1 18 connected across the lighting circuit 3, 4 opposed by the spring 17.

Across the circuit 1, 2 are connected in series the motors M and M, which are mechanically connected to each other and to the s fan F by means of the shaft D. The field of the motor M, is shown at 13, being connected in series between the armature and conductor 1. The field of the motor M, is shown at 12 and is connected between the upper 20 brush of generator G, and a point 20 in the circuit between the two motors M and M, by means of conductor 19. The generator G, is arranged to be driven by one car axle and when running above its critical speed is designed to develop a com aratively hi h voltage, for example 110 volts. The fiel of the generator G, is controlled by any suitable automatic field regulator illustrated at R, similar to a regulator R, shown in connection with generator G It will be understood that thi fieldregulator forms no art of the present invention and anyl suita le device may be used for limiting t e voltage of the enerator after it reaches a critical speed.

t will be noted that no automatic switch is included in the circuit between the generator G, and the point 20 where it is connected to the motor circuit.

The operation of this system is as follows: When the car is standing neither the generator G or G, are developing voltage and the entire load of the lamps and motors is carried by the batte B. The'entire power 1 for driving the fan will then be deve oped by the motor-M operating as a series motor connected acres the battery. The armature of the motor M, will be rotating, being connected on the same shaft with that of motor M, and the current passing through the motor M, will be divided, a portion through the armature of the motor an a portion passing through the field 12, conductor 19, and the armature of generator G,. The field winding 12 is so connected that current passing from the paint 2 through 12, 19 and G, as described a va will develop a voltage in the armature of M, in the direction to reduce the voltage which causes the flow of current from the point 20 through the field 12 and the action of this field will therefore tend to hes the voltage of the motor M, at apoint 51' t y above are. The design of themotor ,maybe such-astogiveaspeed for the fan F-considerablly below its normal oad on the battery when the car is standing idle. Inasmuch as these periods of standing are of short duration corresponding to station stops, it is permissible to reduce the load of the fan F during these periods.

As soon as the train is in motion, the generator G, beginsto develop voltage, and as soon as this voltage exceeds the drop in the armature of motor M the direction of current in the field winding 12 will be reversed and the generator G, will begin to deliver current through the field windin 12 and the armature of motor M The direction of current in the field winding 12 'will now be such as to produce a counter E. M. F. in the armature of M assisting to drive this as a motor. Thus the generator G, begins to deliver its output at very low speeds, appreciably below the speed at which the generator is available.

As soon as the generator G, begins to deliver current the voltage of the point.20 increases above that of conductor 2, reducing the voltage across the motor M, and therefore reducing the current required from the battery B; As the speed of the generator G continues to increase, its voltage reaches a value equal to that of the battery B and under these conditions no current will flow throu h the armature of motor M, and the motor ii, will be doing all the work. The voltage of generator G, as the speed increases, will rise still further since this machine is designed for comparatively high voltage and as soon as the voltage of G, exceeds that of the battery the current in the armature of M, and its field winding 13 will be reversed but because of the simultaneous reversal of current in the armature and the field, M, will still run as a series motor but will now be deriving its power from the generator G, and the current passing through M, will relieve the battery B of a part or all of the lamp load and any surplus will be utilized for charging the batte During this increase in the train spedd the generator G will reach its critical value and the automatic switch S will close and the two generators will then be delivering power to the'system.

It will be understood of course that various modifications in the design of the motors M and M, may be made tmp'roduce any desired division of load between them under the various conditions of operation. For example it is obvious that shunt field windings could be added to either or both of these motors.

It will be understood that more than one pair of motors may be connected across the circuit 1, 2 and to the nerator G, as indicated in the drawing. t will also be noted that even with the generator G, disconnectedand out of service the balance of the apparatus will form an operative combination since the generator G, is adapted to furnish no current for driving the motors M, and M,

and also for supplying current to the lamps and to the battery.

I do not intend to be limited in the prac- 4 tice of my invention save as the scope of the 5 prior art and of the attached claims may require.

I claim: 1. In combinat-ioma source of substantially constant voltage, a source of variable voltage, two motors whose rotors are mechanically connected and whose armatures are electrically connected in series across the constant voltage source, a field winding for one of said motors connected in series with its armature and the constant voltage source, and a field winding for the other motor connected in series with its armature and the variable voltage source.

2. In combination, a storage battery, a go lighting circuit connected thereto, a variable speed generator, an automatic switch adapted to connect and disconnect said generator to and from the battery, two motors having their rotors mechanically connected and their armatures electrical! connected in series across the battery, a field winding for one of the motors connected in series with its armature and the battery, a field winding for the second motor having one termlnal connected to a point in the circuit between the two motors and a second variable speed generator connected between the other terminal of said field winding and the opposite terminal of the second motor. JOSEPH LESTER WOODBRIDGE. 

